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When the opening bid is 1 No Trump by partner, followed immediately by an overcall by the competing opponent, the partnership must have a defense method against such defense methods. The attempt is made to list such defense methods as guidelines for any continuances.
In the game of bridge two sides compete for the contract and it is this competitive spirit, which may confuse one partnership in order that this partnership does not reach the maximum contract, or convince the partnership to defend.
Such methods are not written in stone and they can very from partnership to partnership. However, these guidelines, these conventional methods have become part of the working partnership agreement of two players. The bridge player should acquaint himself with such methods in order to understand the concept, the idea, and form a general plan and strategy to combat such interference.
lebensohl Convention
The concept behind lebensohl is the result, or the solution of the following difficulty in bidding after an immediate overcall once partner has opened the auction with 1 No Trump. The lebensohl convention allows the partnership to employ continuances in order to reach the best contract.
Maltais Convention
This conventional method was devised and developed by Mr. R. Maltais of Kenogami, Quebec, Canada. The concept is also known as and designated as Stayman After Overcall. The partnership agreement is such that if the immediate opponent does not interfere or compete following a No Trump opening by partner, then the Stayman conventional method is employed in order to discover whether the No Trump bidder holds a 4-card Major suit and the responses are identical to the Stayman convention. If the immediate opponent, however, interferes or overcalls, then the partnership initiates the Maltais conventional method to counter this interference.
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